In theory, every computer could use one or more bitcoin addresses as their unique internet address. It would directly enable every computer to receive micropayments. As a side effect, it would remove the administrational overhead of the internet providers havig to assign IP addresses. But this of course would also mean that these internet providers would have to change their business model, and that the government would have to find new ways to "regulate" online activity. This constitutes a challenge to both internet providers and the government.
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